“The Role of the Combination of Islamic Education and Technology in Developing Muslim Competencies and Personalities in the Digital Era” (2024) Ar-rayyan: Journal Of Islamic Education, 1(2), pp. 147–169. Available at: https://barkah-ilmi-fiddunya.my.id/ojs/index.php/ar/article/view/139 (Accessed: 8 September 2025).